7/5/2023 0 Comments Nova sas statistical software9 Current self-report measures do not differentiate these types of anger expression. 8 Whereas one type of anger expression can be motivated by constructive reasons-to solve the problem-other types can be motivated by destructive reasons-to justify one’s current feelings or to intensify one’s anger. There are at least 3 distinct types of anger expression. 1, 5 - 7 However, we hypothesized that the conflicting findings may be due to differences in measures of anger expression. 4 Based on these discrepant findings, some researchers have concluded that anger expression is not a clinically relevant risk factor for CHD. 1 For instance, Eng et al 2 found that moderate anger expression seemed to protect against incident myocardial infarction and stroke in men participating in the Health Professionals Study, while Chang et al 3 found that increased levels of angry reactions to stress (expressed or concealed anger, gripe sessions, and irritability) were strongly associated with premature CHD and premature myocardial infarction in men, and there was no significant association between self-reported measures of anger expression and incident CHD in the Framingham Offspring Study. Studies on anger expression and incident coronary heart disease (CHD) have not been consistent.
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